lunes, 26 de marzo de 2018

Tragic skeletons of Chimu child sacrifices who had their hearts RIPPED OUT 3,400 years ago are found alongside more than 100 treasures in Peru




Easter travel chaos fears with snow, temperatures of minus 10C and rail strikes set to wreak havoc across Britain as the 'Beast...

The finds were made in the district of Huanchaco, around 11 miles (13 km) from the coastal city of Trujillo At least 12 children are believed to have been ritually sacrificed by the Chimu civilisation at this locationThe Chimu were a pre-Incan culture that emerged out of the remnants of the Moche people in around 900ADAround 130 pottery vessels have also been uncovered, some of which date to before the Chimu sacrifice

Buried beneath the streets of Peru, archaeologists have discovered the bodies of at least 12 children believed to have been sacrificed by the ancient Chimu civilisation.


A group of 47 tombs has been found, along with a hoard of more than 100 buried artefacts, thought to date back to around 1,200 to 1,400 AD.

Researchers have uncovered evidence that suggest the people behind their sacrifice may have tried to remove their hearts to appease the weather gods, it has been reported. 

Stunning images have also revealed several of the ceramics objects adorned with maritime themes, coastal animals, and geometric shapes, reflecting the connection to the sea felt by the ancient culture.


Buried beneath the streets of Peru, archaeologists have discovered the bodies of at least 12 children believed to have been sacrificed by the Chimu civilisation. A group of 47 tombs has been found in the Trujillo region, along with a hoard of more than 100 buried artefacts, thought to date back to around 1,200 to 1,400 AD

Stunning images reveal that several of the objects are ceramics with maritime themes, coastal animals, and geometric shapes, reflecting the connection to the sea felt by the ancient culture

The finds were made in the district of Huanchaco, around 11 miles (13 km) from the city of Trujillo, by archaeologists working on behalf of the local government ahead of the construction of new water and drainage networks. 

Víctor Campaña León, director at the archaeological site, said the children were found with cuts to their chest, which may have been an attempt to break the ribs of the children - possibly to remove their hearts, according to reports in Newsweek.

One of the children was buried with 39 shells belonging to spondylus, a mollusc known as the spiny oyster, the most found in a Peruvian burial to date.

The Chimu were a pre-Incan culture that emerged out of the remnants of the Moche culture along the coast of Peru in 900AD. They are famed for their black ceramics, which were mass produced, as well as intricately worked precious metals. Chimu pottery is often adorned with maritime imagery

The Chimu people lived in a strip of desert less than 100 miles wide between the Pacific and the Andes. They are thought to have survived by fishing and worshipped the moon, believing it to be more powerful than the sun

WHO WERE THE CHIMU PEOPLE OF ANCIENT PERU?

The Chimu were a pre-Incan culture that emerged out of the remnants of the Moche culture along the coast of Peru in 900AD.

They are famed for their black ceramics and intricately worked precious metals.

The Chimu people lived in a strip of desert, 20 to 100 miles (30 to 160 km) wide, between the Pacific and the Andes. 

They are thought to have survived by fishing and worshipped the moon, believing it to be more powerful than the sun. 

Archaeologists believe they practised ritual sacrifice.

Around 1470 AD, the Inca ruler Tupac Inca Yupanqui conquered the Chimu. 

His rule was short lived, however, as the Spanish conquered the region in 1534 AD.

In a written statement, he said: 'What they wanted to do with the presence of the children in this arid area is to attract rain, to improve cultivation.'

Around 130 pottery vessels have also been uncovered, some of which are believed to date to before the Chimu sacrifice. 

Fishing tools such as weights, hooks and needles have also been found. 

Many of these artefacts probably belonged to residents of Chan Chan, the capital of the Chimu kingdom, who came to the site to leave offerings to their deities. 

The Chimu were a pre-Incan culture that emerged out of the remnants of the Moche culture along the coast of Peru in 900AD. 

Around 1470 AD, the Inca ruler Tupac Inca Yupanqui conquered the Chimu. His rule was short lived, however, as the Spanish conquered the region in 1534 AD. Many of the symbolic representations on Chimu pottery revolves around its people's relationship with the sea

Around 130 pottery vessels have also been uncovered, some of which are believed to date to before the Chimu sacrifice. Fishing tools such as weights, hooks and needles have also been found

They are famed for their black ceramics and intricately worked precious metals.

The Chimu people lived in a strip of desert, 20 to 100 miles (30 to 160 km) wide, between the Pacific and the Andes. 

They are thought to have survived by fishing and worshipped the moon, believing it to be more powerful than the sun. 

Around 1470 AD, the Inca ruler Tupac Inca Yupanqui conquered the Chimu. His rule was short lived, however, as the Spanish conquered the region in 1534 AD.

The precise details of the sacrifices are unknown, but similar rituals appear to have been adopted by the Incan civilisation when it rose to prominence in the region. 

Archaeologists unearth tombs and human remains from the Chimu culture in Trujillo, Peru. The artefacts uncovered probably belonged to residents of Chan Chan, the capital of the Chimu kingdom, who came to the site to leave offerings to their deities

The precise details of the sacrifices are unknown, but similar rituals appear to have been adopted by the Incan civilisation when it rose to prominence in the region

The Chimu are best known for their distinctive monochromatic pottery and fine metal working of copper, gold, silver, bronze, and tumbaga - a mixture of copper and gold

Among the finds revealing this ritual behaviour is the mummified remains of a child's body, discovered in 1985 by a group of mountaineers.

The remains were uncovered at around 17,388ft (5,300 metres) on the southwestern ridge of Cerro Aconcagua mountain in the Argentinean province of Mendoza.

The boy is thought to have been a victim of an Inca ritual called capacocha, where children of great beauty and health were sacrificed by drugging them and taking them into the mountains to freeze to death.

Ruins of a sanctuary used by the Inca to sacrifice children to their gods was discovered by archaeologists in at a coastal ruin complex in Peru in 2016. 

Víctor Campaña León, director at the archaeological site, said the children were found with cuts to their chest area, which may have been an attempt to break the ribs of the children - possibly to remove their hearts

Capacocha was a ritual that took place upon the death of an Inca king. The local lords were required to select unblemished children representing the ideal of human perfection. Children were married and presented with sets of miniature human and llama figurines in gold, silver, copper and shell

Experts digging at Chotuna-Chornancap, in north Lima, discovered 17 graves dating to at least the 15th century. This included the graves of six children placed side by side in pairs of shallow graves. 

Capacocha was a ritual that took place upon the death of an Inca king. The local lords were required to select unblemished children representing the ideal of human perfection.

Children were married and presented with sets of miniature human and llama figurines in gold, silver, copper and shell. 

The male figures have elongated earlobes and a braided headband and the female figurines wore their hair in plaits.

Uncer Capacocha, children were returned to their original communities, where they were honoured before being sacrificed to the mountain gods on the Llullaillaco Volcano. The Chimu culture appears to have had similar rituals around child sacrifice

 One of the children uncovered was buried with 39 shells belonging to spondylus, a mollusc known as the spiny oyster, the most found in a Peruvian burial to date

The children were then returned to their original communities, where they were honoured before being sacrificed to the mountain gods on the Llullaillaco Volcano. 

The phrase Capacocha has been translated to mean 'solemn sacrifice' or 'royal obligation.'

The rationale for this type of sacrificial rite has typically been understood as the Inca trying to ensure that humanity's best were sent to join their deities.

The finds were made in the district of Huanchaco, around 11 miles (13 km) from the city of Trujillo, by archaeologists working on behalf of the local government, ahead of the construction of new water and drainage networks 

WHY DID ANCIENT SOUTH AMERICAN CULTURES SACRIFICE THEIR CHILDREN?

Child sacrifice seems to have been a relatively common occurrence in the cultures of ancient Peru, including the pre-Incan Sican, or Lambayeque culture and the Chimu people who followed them, as well as the Inca themselves.

Among the finds revealing this ritual behaviour are the mummified remains of a child's body, discovered in 1985 by a group of mountaineers.

The remains were uncovered at around 17,388ft (5,300 metres) on the southwestern ridge of Cerro Aconcagua mountain in the Argentinean province of Mendoza.

Child sacrifice seems to have been a relatively common occurrence in the cultures of ancient Peru. Among the finds revealing this ritual behaviour were the mummified remains of a child's body (pictured), discovered in 1985 by a group of mountaineers

The boy is thought to have been a victim of an Inca ritual called capacocha, where children of great beauty and health were sacrificed by drugging them and taking them into the mountains to freeze to death.

Ruins of a sanctuary used by the Inca to sacrifice children to their gods was discovered by archaeologists in at a coastal ruin complex in Peru in 2016.

Experts digging at Chotuna-Chornancap, in north Lima, discovered 17 graves dating to at least the 15th century. This included the graves of six children placed side by side in pairs of shallow graves. 

Capacocha was a ritual that took place upon the death of an Inca king. The local lords were required to select unblemished children representing the ideal of human perfection.

Ruins of a sanctuary used by the Inca to sacrifice children to their gods was discovered by archaeologists in at a coastal ruin complex in Peru in 2016. Experts digging at Chotuna-Chornancap (pictured), in north Lima, discovered 17 graves dating to at least the 15th century

Children were married and presented with sets of miniature human and llama figurines in gold, silver, copper and shell. The male figures have elongated earlobes and a braided headband and the female figurines wore their hair in plaits.

The children were then returned to their original communities, where they were honoured before being sacrificed to the mountain gods on the Llullaillaco Volcano. 

The phrase Capacocha has been translated to mean 'solemn sacrifice' or 'royal obligation.'

The rationale for this type of sacrificial rite has typically been understood as the Inca trying to ensure that humanity's best were sent to join their deities.

miércoles, 14 de marzo de 2018

Desvelan el misterio de los misteriosos cráneos alargados de Europa Central



Reuters Mohamed Abd El Ghany

Los científicos estudian genomas procedentes de restos humanos enterrados en el estado alemán de Baviera hace más de 1.500 años.

Un grupo internacional de científicos ha descubierto el origen de los misteriosos cráneos alargados encontrados en Europa Central. Según los resultados de un estudiopublicado en la revista Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, los restos humanos, de 1.500 años de antigüedad, pertenecían a mujeres que emigraron al territorio del actual estado alemán de Baviera. Para aumentar su atractivo, a estas féminas de comienzos de la Edad Media se les practicaba la deformación craneal apenas nacían.

Los investigadores analizaron el ADN extraído de los restos de 36 hombres y mujeres adultos enterrados en 41 cementerios bávaros en el año 500. 14 de ellos presentaban signos de deformidad craneal. Los genomas de los hombres estaban estrechamente emparentados con los de los europeos modernos, mientras que las mujeres contaban con una gran diversidad genética.

La deformación craneal en Europa fue muy popular entre los hunos, que invadieron este continente desde Asia. En el siglo II, este procedimiento fue practicado por los pueblos que vivían en el actual territorio de Rumanía. El cráneo alargado era un signo de belleza y alta posición en la sociedad.

En los siglos IV-VII Europa vivió grandes migraciones, ya que las poblaciones buscaban mejores condiciones de vida debido a las olas de frío, el hambre y a la invasión de los hunos. Así, en el siglo V las antiguas tribus germánicas (anglos y sajones) arribaron a las islas Británicas. Casi al mismo tiempo comenzaron a formarse tribus bávaras. Entre los hallazgos arqueológicos en el territorio de Baviera, que datan de este período, hay esqueletos con cráneos muy alargados y deformados artificialmente.

En Europa del Este, los cráneos deformados pertenecían tanto a hombres como a mujeres, pero en la actual Baviera en su mayoría eran de féminas. Los científicos sugirieron que estas emigraron desde el este o adoptaron la misma tradición cultural.

martes, 13 de marzo de 2018

They mysterious Nazca Lines of Peru - Altered Dimensions Paranormal

The Nazca Lines are a collection of unusual, large ancient geoglyphs etched into the high plateaus of the Nazca Desert in southern Peru. The largest are nearly a quarter-mile long and depict a variety of objects and shapes including more than 70 drawings of animals such as birds, fish, llamas, jaguars, and monkeys - many of which would have been unknown to inhabitants of the area. Some depict human-like entities. They cover an area about 170 square miles and are only visible from the air.

The drawings are believed to have been created sometime between 500 BC and 500 AD. They were made by gouging shallow lines about 6-inches deep into the ground, removing the natural iron oxide-coated reddish pebbles and exposing the grayish ground beneath. Because of the isolated location and dry, windless environment, the drawings have remained preserved for thousands of years.

The purpose of the lines is unclear. Some theorize they could be related to astronomy or cosmology meaning the area acted as a sort of observatory. Some believe they contain religious significance to the original artists. Some believe they are related to an ancient alien-influence culture attempting to communicate with the "people in the sky". Others believe they were drawn by aliens themselves, possibly in an attempt to communicate with others in the sky.

Below are a sampling of the Nazca Lines drawings.

lunes, 12 de marzo de 2018

Las momias misteriosas Nazca de Perú no son de humanos.

¿Los alienígenas son reales? Los cuerpos momificados de tres dedos no son humanos, revela la prueba de las momias de Nazca, que parecen ser de humanos, en realidad no lo son. Tienen 23 cromosomas como los humanos, pero una estructura de costillas muy diferente.

Las momias misteriosas que se encuentran en Perú no son de humanos.

Las muestras de tejido de la misteriosa momia que se encontró en una tumba cerca de las Líneas de Nazca en el sur de Perú a principios de 2017 fueron llevadas a Rusia por un equipo de genetistas de San Petersburgo, para romper su genoma. Y, encontraron que la momia que parecía ser de un ser humano no es en realidad.

La momia llamada María con un cráneo alargado y solo tres dedos de manos y pies datan del siglo V d. C. Después del análisis preliminar, se descubrió que ella también tiene 23 cromosomas como los humanos. Sin embargo, la estructura de las costillas de la momia es muy diferente a la de un ser humano, informó Sputnik. Tiene forma de quilla en la parte superior y la jaula consiste en costillas semicirculares.

Los científicos incluso estudiaron cuidadosamente los órganos internos de la momia. "Vemos claramente los contornos de la tráquea y los bronquios, del corazón y sus cámaras, incluso podemos ver la forma de las válvulas. También podemos ver con bastante claridad los contornos del diafragma , el hígado y el bazo ", dijo la radióloga Natalia Zaloznaya.

Los científicos también descubrieron que el polvo blanco utilizado para preservar a los muertos y momificarlo es cloruro de cadmio; el efecto antibacteriano del químico ha mantenido a María preservada.

"En este momento estamos haciendo un análisis detallado para ver si la forma de la posición de todos los cromosomas, de todos los aminoácidos, coincide con la nuestra", dijo el profesor de la Universidad Nacional de Investigación de Rusia, Konstantin Korotkov.

Además de María, otra momia pequeña - Vavita, encontrada en Perú también fue analizada. Los investigadores dicen que Vavita tenía nueve meses cuando murió y que María era una mujer adulta, haciéndoles creer que podrían haber sido madre e hija.

Korotkov dijo que han visto cuatro momias más de 70 centímetros cada una, a quienes llamaron "Verdants". Cada uno de ellos tiene dos brazos, dos piernas, una cabeza, un par de ojos y una boca. Incluso tienen cavidades en la boca, pero sorprendentemente, las mandíbulas inferiores no son flexibles; está presente como un todo único con el resto del cráneo.

"Los escáneres tomográficos revelan sus esqueletos. El tejido tiene naturaleza biológica y su composición química indica que son humanos. Su ADN presenta 23 pares de cromosomas, como nosotros. Los cuatro son hombres, cada uno con un cromosoma Y. Parecen humanos, pero no lo son. Su estructura anatómica es diferente ", explicó Korotkov.

Korotkov dijo que es difícil decir quiénes eran estos "hombres pequeños", pero dijo que podrían ser extraterrestres o bio robots.

Agregó: "En cuanto a las criaturas de 70 cm, no estoy seguro, pero María y Vavita podrían haber sido representantes de una raza determinada que posiblemente haya alcanzado una etapa de avance mucho antes que nosotros. Tal vez miles de años antes".

viernes, 9 de marzo de 2018

Científicos rusos diseccionan la momia 'extraterrestre' de Perú y esto es lo que encuentran





Los genetistas rusos de San Petersburgo se dedicaron a revelar el misterio de la inusual momia hallada en la ciudad peruana de Nazca.

María —así la bautizaron los investigadores a la mujer momificada de Perú— murió aproximadamente en el siglo V. Curiosamente, tiene un cráneo alargado y tres dedos largos en cada mano y pie. La estructura de las costillas tampoco se parece a la de los seres humanos.

© YOUTUBE/ GAIA

El enigma de la momia 'extraterrestre' peruana, ¿por fin al descubierto?

El extraño aspecto físico de la momia fue causa de numerosas especulaciones sobre su supuesto origen extraterrestre.

Tras estudiar su esqueleto, los científicos rusos pudieron descubrir la disposición de los órganos internos de la momia.

Además, los investigadores de San Petersburgo están completando un análisis detallado del ADN de María.

"Vemos claramente los contornos de la tráquea y los bronquios principales, vemos claramente los contornos del corazón y las cámaras, incluso los contornos de las válvulas son visibles. Podemos ver con bastante claridad los contornos del diafragma, el hígado y el bazo ", explica la radióloga Natalia Zalóznaya.

"Es una criatura antropomórfica, tiene 23 cromosomas, al igual que nosotros. Estamos realizando el análisis detallado para saber si todos los cromosomas y aminoácidos están colocados de la misma manera que los nuestros", explicó el científico Konstantín Korotkov a la cadena Mir 24.



El investigador agregó que el estudio permitirá entender si las características genéticas de la momia tienen que ver con las de personas de distintas partes del mundo. Así los científicos pretenden identificar la procedencia de María.

Cabe destacar que los restos se han conservado hasta nuestros días gracias al cloruro de cadmio, un compuesto cristalino blanco que se utilizó para cubrir el cadáver.

jueves, 8 de marzo de 2018

Drilling Holes in the Skull was Never a Migraine Cure




Trepanation – the technique of removing bone from the skull by scraping, sawing, drilling or chiselling – has long fascinated those interested in the darker side of medical history. One stocktale is that trepanning is one of the most ancient treatments for migraines. As I study the history of the migraine, it certainly has always caught my attention.

The word trepanation comes from the Greek trypanon, meaning a borer. The earliest known trepanned skulls date from around 10,000 BCE, and come from North Africa. There are trepanation accounts in the Hippocratic texts (5th century BCE), when it was used in cases of fracture, epilepsy or paralysis, and in the second century CE Galen wrote of his experiments with trepanation on animals in his clinical studies.

But the reasons for trepanning remain largely unknown. While the famous 17th-century physician William Harvey may havesuggested that the procedure was used for migraines, recent authors have acknowledged that there is little evidence to suggest this. So where did this persistent idea come from?

Migraines and fairies

Inca skull showing trepanning. Image: © Wellcome Collection

The real source of the myth seems to have come much later. In 1902, the Journal of Mental Science published a lecture by Sir Thomas Lauder Brunton , a London physician well-known for his work on pharmacology and ideas about migraine pathology. The lecture mixed neurological theory and armchair anthropology, and ranged over subjects including premonitions, telepathy, hypnotism, hallucinations, and epileptic and migrainous aura. In one notable passage, Brunton proposed that visions of fairies and the sound of their jingling bells were “nothing more” than the zigzags of migraine aura, and the aural results of nerve centre stimulation.

Brunton proposed that openings bored into ancient Stone Age skulls during life had been made to cure migraine. His suggestion followed considerable excitement during the 1870s when the French physician and anthropologist Paul Broca claimed that ancient skulls discovered in Peru and France had not only been opened surgically during life in order to release evil spirits, but that the patients had survived. To Brunton, it seemed obvious that the holes would have been made at the request of migraine sufferers in order to “let the headache out”. He wrote:

‘For when the pain of headache becomes almost unbearably severe, an instinctive desire sometimes arises either to strike the place violently in the hope of relieving the pain, or to wish that some operation could be done to remove the pain.’

Ancient skull was drilled and harvested for medicine in the 18th centuryMedieval man with facial deformity may have had head drilled in an exorcismFirst Ever Evidence for Ancient Bone Surgery found in Peru - Holes Drilled in Legs

Instruments for trepanning, 18 th century. ( CC BY 4.0 )

The French surgeon Just Lucas-Champonnière had claimed in 1878 that some South Sea islanders still performed a similar procedure but, essentially, Brunton’s ideas about trepanning were as imaginative as his thoughts on fairies.

Nevertheless, the theory gained traction. In 1913, the world-famous American physician William Osler repeated that trepanation operations had been used “for epilepsy, infantile convulsions, headache and various cerebral diseases believed to be caused by confined demons”. By 1931, T Wilson Parry (who was partial to the odd experiment of his own) reasoned in The Lancet that as the large numbers of trepanned skulls found throughout France could not all be accounted for by epilepsy, the procedure must also have been used to cast out “other devils”. He proposed that this included disorders with “exasperating” head symptoms such as migraine, giddiness, “and distracting noises of the head”.

Trepanated skull of a 50-year old woman, found in tumb 3 Corseaux-En Seyton (3500 BC). Cicatrisation of the bones indicate the patient survived. ( CC BY-SA 3.0 )

A ‘burr hole’

If Victorian theories about ancient trepanation for migraine were largely speculative, there is evidence of cutting holes in skulls for migraine somewhat closer to home. In 1936, Alfred Goltman, a physician from Tennessee, observed something strange about a woman with migraine that he was treating for allergies.

In the left frontal region of her skull, the woman had a depression, an inch in diameter, with a marked concentration of blood vessels. Four years earlier, she had been admitted to the care of Dr Raphael Eustace Semmes, the first neurosurgeon in Memphis, who had trained under Harvey Cushing, the American “father” of modern neurosurgery. Semmes had drilled a small circular opening known as a “burr hole” during one of the woman’s severe headaches, while she was under local anaesthetic. As he opened the thick membrane surrounding the brain, “a quantity of fluid escaped under increased pressure”. There was no evidence of a tumour.


lunes, 5 de marzo de 2018

Misteriosa momia "humanoide" de Perú: Científicos rusos anuncian primeros resultados de sus análisis


Reuters Guadalupe Pardo

Сientíficos rusos tratan de 'hackear' el genoma de esta momia de aspecto alienígena.

Científicos rusos han iniciado el análisis del ADN de la más destacada momia de las encontradas cerca de la ciudad peruana de Nazca a principios del año pasado,informa el canal ruso Mir 24. Esta criatura de aspecto alienígena, con un cráneo alargado y tan solo tres dedosen cada una de sus extremidades, ha sido bautizada por los investigadores como María.

Un grupo de genetistas de San Petersburgo llevó a Rusialas muestras de tela de la criatura extraña para tratar de 'hackear' su genoma. María, cuya momia fue encontrada por un campesino peruano, murió aproximadamente en el siglo V, un mil años antes del descubrimiento de América.

Los datos del análisis preliminar ha mostrado que la momia "es un ser humanoide, es decir, también tiene 23 cromosomas como nosotros".

"Ahora ya se está llevando a cabo un análisis detallado para ver si la forma de la posición de todos los cromosomas, de todos los aminoácidos, coincide con la nuestra", comentó a un periodista de Mir 24 el profesor de la Universidad Nacional de Investigación rusa Konstantín Korotkov.

Hallan en Perú la momia de un ser "no humano" (VIDEO)

Según este, los científicos también planean identificar la procedencia de la inusual criatura: "¿Tiene la momia rasgos comunes con algunas personas que viven enAmérica del Sur, África o en otro lugar, y hay alguna diferencia?".

Su esqueleto es inusual 

Además, la momia resultó tener una estructura de costillas diferente a la humana. Gracias a esto, los científicos pueden estudiar mejor la disposición de los órganos internos de María.

"Vemos claramente los contornos de la tráquea y los bronquios, vemos claramente los contornos del corazón y las cámaras, incluso son visibles los contornos de las válvulas. Podemos ver con bastante claridad los contornos del diafragma, el hígado y el bazo", explicó la radióloga Natalia Zaloznaya.

Los investigadores incluso lograron determinar cuál era la sustancia que ayudó a conservar a María hasta el día de hoy. El polvo blanco con el que esa civilización desconocida cubría a sus difuntos es cloruro de cadmio, un químico que con su efecto antibacterial mantuvo conservada a la momia hasta nuestros tiempos.

Ahora, los genetistas rusos planean continuar 'hackeando' el genoma de la misteriosa criatura hallada en Perú en colaboración con investigadores del país latinoamericano. Para avanzar con sus trabajos, los científicos de San Petersburgo incluso quieren solicitar el envío de la momia a la ciudad rusa.